Summary/Abstract
This Global CCS Institute commissioned report examines policy issues in the deployment of CCS by attempting to draw lessons from case studies of other analogous technologies and technological systems; reviewing the current status of CCS systems and policies in a variety of countries; and providing analysis of integrated energy systems modeling as evidence of the possible role of CCS in meeting climate policy targets.
The report finds that:
- CCS projects are in operation in various parts of the world, but such projects are typically cases where the addition of CCS is a relatively small incremental investment due to the nature of the existing process, or where captured CO2 has a commercial value.
- For these kinds of projects, the economics are such that relatively modest policy incentives have provided sufficient additional incentive for companies to carry out geological sequestration of CO2. However, policy drivers are not yet strong enough to bring about large-scale projects explicitly concerned with dedicated storage of CO2 for climate mitigation purposes, where there is no other commercial value derived from the CO2.
- Legal and regulatory frameworks for CCS are emerging in various jurisdictions, some adapting existing frameworks, others developing new frameworks. The design of a CCS legal and regulatory regime needs to incorporate effective review procedures and adaptation mechanisms in order to learn from developing scientific knowledge and technical experience.