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United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

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Geoengineering: Ocean Iron Fertilisation and The Law of the Sea

2014
Scholarly Work
Saadi Radcliffe
This paper examines the current state of international law surrounding geoengineering practices involving the sea, with a focus on ocean iron fertilization, to evaluate the law’s appropriateness and effectiveness at regulating this conduct.

Engineering the Climate: Geoengineering as a Challenge to International Governance

2013
Scholarly Work
David A. Wirth
This essay examines the existing international governance structures to address geoengineering and concludes that they are inadequate to the task and makes recommendations for structural adaptations in international governance to address the problem.

Geoengineering a Future for Humankind: Some Technical and Ethical Considerations

2012
Scholarly Work
Rafael Leal-Arcas , Andrew Filis-Yelaghotis
This paper seeks to outline the various contentious issues regarding geoengineering (which here includes ocean fertilization and afforestation) that arise in relation to its ethical, technological, political, and trade-related legal dimensions.

Ocean Iron Fertilization and International Law

2008
Scholarly Work
David Freestone , Rosemary Rayfuse
This article examines the application of the International Law of the Sea to ocean fertilization, with particular reference to the law’s dumping regime, which prohibits the dumping of wastes or other materials from vessels into the ocean.

High Level Review of a Wide Range of Proposed Marine Geoengineering Techniques

2019
Scientific Report
Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP)
This report examines a wide range of marine geoengineering techniques to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and provides a comprehensive review of the international frameworks that govern these techniques.

It’s Getting Hot in Here: A Look into Whether Ocean Iron Fertilization is Legally Viable in the United States

2015
Scholarly Work
James Richards
This article analyzes the legal status of ocean iron fertilization under United States laws and international laws, in the context of the Planktos experiment, in order to shed light on whether this strategy could be legally viable.

The International Legal Framework for Climate Engineering

2015
Scholarly Work
Jesse Reynolds
This paper describes international law which is applicable to climate engineering, with a focus on international environmental law, and provides recommendations for future developments.

A Navigational System for Uncharted Waters: The London Convention and London Protocol’s Assessment Framework on Ocean Iron Fertilization

2013
Scholarly Work
Melissa Eick
This article examines the London Convention and London Protocol's measures to bring ocean iron fertilization within their regulatory scope.

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