Summary/Abstract
This paper reviews geologic storage (GS) policy developments at both the U.S. federal and state levels, including some original research on state GS policy development. By applying an advocacy coalition framework theory, the paper identifies two competing coalitions defined by their beliefs about the primary purpose of CO2 injection: energy supply or greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions. The established energy coalition is the beneficiary of the current policy regime. Their vision of GS policy is protective: to minimize harm to fossil energy industries if climate policy were to be enacted. In contrast, the climate coalition seeks to change existing GS policy to support their proactive vision: to maximize GHG reductions using CCS when climate policy is enacted. The paper explores where and at what scale legislation emerges and examine which institutions gain prominence as drivers of policy change.