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Carbon Dioxide Removal


BECCS

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is a technique where biomass is grown and converted into electricity, heat, or fuel, and the carbon emissions from this conversion are captured and stored in geological formations or embedded in long-lasting products. The capture and storage process is similar to the approach in a carbon capture and storage facility connected to a fossil fuel power plant.
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Evaluating climate geoengineering proposals in the context of the Paris Agreement temperature goals

2018
Scholarly Work
Mark G. Lawrence, Stefan Schäfer, Helene Muri, Vivian Scott, Andreas Oschlies, Naomi E. Vaughan, Olivier Boucher, Hauke Schmidt, Jim Haywood, Jürgen Scheffran
This paper assesses the degree to which proposed climate geoengineering techniques could contribute significantly to achieving the Paris Agreement temperature goals and the main open socio-political and governance issues and research needs.

Knowledge gaps on climate-related geoengineering in relation to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

2018
Think Tank Report
Carnegie Climate Geoengineering Governance Initiative (C2G2)
This technical briefing presents an assessment of knowledge gaps around ethics, governance, deployment and research related to geoengineering, including carbon removal technologies, and the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Negative emissions—Part 1: Research landscape and synthesis

2018
Scholarly Work
Jan C Minx, William F Lamb, Max W Callaghan, Sabine Fuss, Jérôme Hilaire, Felix Creutzig, Thorben Amann, Tim Beringer, Wagner de Oliveira Garcia, Jens Hartmann, Tarun Khanna, Dominic Lenzi, Gunnar Luderer, Gregory F Nemet, Joeri Rogelj, Pete Smith, Jose Luis Vicente Vicente, Jennifer Wilcox, Maria del Mar Zamora Dominguez
This paper, part 1 of a 3 part series on NETs, clarifies the role of NETs in climate change mitigation scenarios, their ethical implications, as well as the challenges involved in bringing the various NETs to the market and scaling them up in time.

Negative emissions—Part 2: Costs, potentials and side effects

2018
Scholarly Work
Sabine Fuss, William F Lamb, Max W Callaghan, Jérôme Hilaire, Felix Creutzig, Thorben Amann, Tim Beringer, Wagner de Oliveira Garcia, Jens Hartmann, Tarun Khanna, Gunnar Luderer, Gregory F Nemet, Joeri Rogelj, Pete Smith, José Luis Vicente Vicente, Jennifer Wilcox, Maria del Mar Zamora Dominguez, Jan C Minx
This paper, part 2 of a 3 part series on negative emissions, presents estimates of costs, potentials, and side-effects for negative emission technologies.

Negative emissions—Part 3: Innovation and upscaling

2018
Scholarly Work
Gregory F Nemet, Max W Callaghan, Felix Creutzig, Sabine Fuss, Jens Hartmann, Jérôme Hilaire, William F Lamb, Jan C Minx, Sophia Rogers, Pete Smith
This paper finds that if NETs are to be deployed at the levels required to meet 1.5 °C and 2 °C targets, then important post-R&D issues will need to be addressed, including incentives for early deployment, niche markets, scale-up, and demand.

Integrating carbon dioxide removal into EU climate policy: Prospects for a paradigm shift

2018
Scholarly Work
Oliver Geden, Vivian Scott, James Palmer
This paper explores the political dimensions and policy implications of expectations for “negative emissions” in the European Union, and explores possible pathways for its limited introduction.

How Low Can We Go? The Implications of Delayed Ratcheting and Negative Emissions Technologies on Achieving Well Below 2 °C

2018
Scholarly Work
Matthew Winning, Steve Pye, James Glynn, Daniel Scamman, Daniel Welsby
This chapter considers the impacts of delaying ratcheting-up commitments until 2030 on global emissions trajectories towards 2 °C and 1.5 °C, and the role of offsets via negative emissions technologies.

Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios

2018
Scholarly Work
Naomi E Vaughan, Clair Gough, Sarah Mander, Emma W Littleton, Andrew Welfle, David E H J Gernaat, Detlef P van Vuuren
This paper looks into the detailed assumptions and results of a single Integrated Assessment Model (IAM), the IMAGE model framework, to learn more about the required implementation strategy of the default mitigation response using BECCS.

‘Slippery slope’ or ‘uphill struggle’? Broadening out expert scenarios of climate engineering research and development

2018
Scholarly Work
Rob Bellamy, Peter Healey
This article suggests that the governance challenges for climate engineering should be thought of as less of a slippery slope than an ‘uphill struggle’ and that there is a need for governance that incentivizes, rather than constrains, research.

Federal research, development, and demonstration priorities for carbon dioxide removal in the United States

2018
Scholarly Work
Daniel L Sanchez, Giana Amador, Jason Funk, Katharine J Mach
This paper presents a synthesis of research and development needs, relevant agency authority, barriers to coordination, and interventions to enhance RD&D across the federal government of the US.

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