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Carbon Dioxide Removal


Direct Air Capture

Direct air capture is the technique of scrubbing carbon dioxide directly from the sky through large mechanical facilities. The technique can be used to obtain carbon for making a byproduct or fuel. Direct air capture and storage (DACS) means storing that carbon dioxide in a long-term reservoir. The two main approaches involve either (1) liquids or surfaces that chemically interact with carbon dioxide, or (2) membranes that physically trap the carbon dioxide on solid surfaces.
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Advancing Large Scale Carbon Management: Expansion of the 45Q Tax Credit

2018
Think Tank Report
Tim Bushman, Julio Friedmann, Joseph Hezir, Melanie Kenderdine, Alex Kizer, Ernest J. Moniz
This EFI paper provides a comprehensive overview of the opportunities for application of the expanded federal tax incentives for CCUS, as well as the additional implementation challenges facing CCUS project developers and policymakers.

Evaluating climate geoengineering proposals in the context of the Paris Agreement temperature goals

2018
Scholarly Work
Mark G. Lawrence, Stefan Schäfer, Helene Muri, Vivian Scott, Andreas Oschlies, Naomi E. Vaughan, Olivier Boucher, Hauke Schmidt, Jim Haywood, Jürgen Scheffran
This paper assesses the degree to which proposed climate geoengineering techniques could contribute significantly to achieving the Paris Agreement temperature goals and the main open socio-political and governance issues and research needs.

Knowledge gaps on climate-related geoengineering in relation to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

2018
Think Tank Report
Carnegie Climate Geoengineering Governance Initiative (C2G2)
This technical briefing presents an assessment of knowledge gaps around ethics, governance, deployment and research related to geoengineering, including carbon removal technologies, and the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Negative emissions—Part 1: Research landscape and synthesis

2018
Scholarly Work
Jan C Minx, William F Lamb, Max W Callaghan, Sabine Fuss, Jérôme Hilaire, Felix Creutzig, Thorben Amann, Tim Beringer, Wagner de Oliveira Garcia, Jens Hartmann, Tarun Khanna, Dominic Lenzi, Gunnar Luderer, Gregory F Nemet, Joeri Rogelj, Pete Smith, Jose Luis Vicente Vicente, Jennifer Wilcox, Maria del Mar Zamora Dominguez
This paper, part 1 of a 3 part series on NETs, clarifies the role of NETs in climate change mitigation scenarios, their ethical implications, as well as the challenges involved in bringing the various NETs to the market and scaling them up in time.

Negative emissions—Part 2: Costs, potentials and side effects

2018
Scholarly Work
Sabine Fuss, William F Lamb, Max W Callaghan, Jérôme Hilaire, Felix Creutzig, Thorben Amann, Tim Beringer, Wagner de Oliveira Garcia, Jens Hartmann, Tarun Khanna, Gunnar Luderer, Gregory F Nemet, Joeri Rogelj, Pete Smith, José Luis Vicente Vicente, Jennifer Wilcox, Maria del Mar Zamora Dominguez, Jan C Minx
This paper, part 2 of a 3 part series on negative emissions, presents estimates of costs, potentials, and side-effects for negative emission technologies.

Negative emissions—Part 3: Innovation and upscaling

2018
Scholarly Work
Gregory F Nemet, Max W Callaghan, Felix Creutzig, Sabine Fuss, Jens Hartmann, Jérôme Hilaire, William F Lamb, Jan C Minx, Sophia Rogers, Pete Smith
This paper finds that if NETs are to be deployed at the levels required to meet 1.5 °C and 2 °C targets, then important post-R&D issues will need to be addressed, including incentives for early deployment, niche markets, scale-up, and demand.

‘Slippery slope’ or ‘uphill struggle’? Broadening out expert scenarios of climate engineering research and development

2018
Scholarly Work
Rob Bellamy, Peter Healey
This article suggests that the governance challenges for climate engineering should be thought of as less of a slippery slope than an ‘uphill struggle’ and that there is a need for governance that incentivizes, rather than constrains, research.

Federal research, development, and demonstration priorities for carbon dioxide removal in the United States

2018
Scholarly Work
Daniel L Sanchez, Giana Amador, Jason Funk, Katharine J Mach
This paper presents a synthesis of research and development needs, relevant agency authority, barriers to coordination, and interventions to enhance RD&D across the federal government of the US.

The Emissions Gap Report 2017 Chapter 7: Bridging the Gap – Carbon Dioxide Removal

2017
Scholarly Work
Pete Smith, Julio Friedmann
This chapter explores how governments can play a key role in providing the funding and incentives needed for investments in carbon dioxide removal research, development, and deployment.

Carbon Removal Policy: Opportunities for Federal Action

2017
Think Tank Report
Carbon180
This report equips policymakers with information on the legislative barriers and opportunities to make federal policies that accelerate the progress of carbon-removing enterprises.

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