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Carbon Dioxide Removal


Ocean Iron Fertilization

Ocean Iron Fertilization is the process of adding iron filings to seawater to stimulate the growth of phytoplankton that absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide. Ocean fertilization seeks to take advantage of the ocean's natural carbon pump, which uses carbon dioxide at the sea surface and incorporates the carbon, via photosynthesis, into biological tissues which can fall or be transported to the deep ocean. Certain areas of the ocean, including the Southern Ocean, have plentiful nutrients but lack iron, a key trace micronutrient that sea plants known as phytoplankton need to grow. So fertilization with iron has been proposed as a means of accelerating the carbon pump and increasing the size of the ocean carbon sink.
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Clearing the Air on ‘Geoengineering’ and Intellectual Property Rights Towards a framework approach

2015
Scholarly Work
Aladdin Tingling Diakun
This paper focuses on patents and trade secrets as the most relevant categories of intellectual property to climate engineering (CE), and develops a framework within which to situate IP-related concerns, specifically as related to DAC and OIF.

International EIA Law and Geoengineering: Do Emerging Technologies Require Special Rules?

2015
Scholarly Work
Neil Craik
This article explores the adequacy of the international rules on environmental impact assessments (EIA) to contribute to geoengineering governance.

Global Experimentalist Governance, International Law and Climate Change Technologies

2015
Scholarly Work
Chiara Armeni
This article investigates the opportunities and barriers to developing global experimentalist governance approaches in the international climate change regime, focusing on the framework for marine geoengineering under the London Protocol.

Update on the London Protocol – Developments on Transboundary CCS and on Geoengineering

2014
Scholarly Work
Tim Dixon, Justine Garrett, Edward Kleverlaan
This paper reviews the regulatory developments relating to transboundary carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) activities and regulation of ocean fertilization arising from the work and agreements under the London Protocol from 2010 to 2013.

Climate Geoengineering and Dispute Settlement Under UNCLOS and the UNFCCC: Stormy Seas Ahead?

2014
Scholarly Work
Meinhard Doelle
Using the example of geoengineering, this paper considers how tensions between climate mitigation and management and conservation goals are likely to be addressed under the UNCLOS and UNFCCC regimes.

Does Geoengineering Present a Moral Hazard?

2013
Scholarly Work
Albert C. Lin
This article examines the critical question of whether geoengineering presents a moral hazard by drawing on empirical studies of moral hazard and risk compensation and on the psychology literature of heuristics and cultural cognition.

Governing geoengineering research: why, when and how?

2013
Scholarly Work
Lisa Dilling, Rachel Hauser
This paper suggests three areas of concern that any geoengineering governance research framework must respond to: the direct physical risks of the research; the transparency and responsibility in decision; and the larger societal meanings.

Reining in Phaëthon’s Chariot: Principles for the Governance of Geoengineering

2012
Scholarly Work
Adam D.K. Abelkop, Jonathan C. Carlson
This article aims to contribute to the emerging debate about geoengineering by suggesting governance principles and mechanisms, primarily focused on the more invasive techniques of ocean carbon dioxide removal technologies.

Geoengineering a Future for Humankind: Some Technical and Ethical Considerations

2012
Scholarly Work
Rafael Leal-Arcas , Andrew Filis-Yelaghotis
This paper seeks to outline the various contentious issues regarding geoengineering (which here includes ocean fertilization and afforestation) that arise in relation to its ethical, technological, political, and trade-related legal dimensions.

International Legal Challenges Concerning Marine Scientific Research in the Era of Climate Change

2012
Scholarly Work
Alexander Proelss
This paper assesses how ocean fertilization is regulated under the United Nations Convention for the Law of the Sea

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