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Carbon Dioxide Removal


Afforestation / Reforestation

Afforestation is the conversion of abandoned and degraded agricultural lands into forests, while reforestation is the replantation of trees in deforested land. Both practices can contribute to negative emissions since the growth of additional plant sequesters atmospheric carbon dioxide and naturally sink it in their biomass and in the soil.
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HB 2182 – Greenhouse Gas Sequestration Task Force

2018
Enacted Legislation
State of Hawaii
This bill establishes the Greenhouse Gas Sequestration Task Force to identify land use practices that would promote increased greenhouse gas sequestration and develop incentives and funding mechanisms for these practices.

Negative Emissions and Land-Based Carbon Sequestration: Implications for Climate and Energy Scenarios

2018
Think Tank Report
Rocky Mountain Institute
The paper focuses on how natural climate solutions could contribute to emissions reduction goals in the United States and seeks to provide policymakers with a useful overview of how negative emissions can be incorporated into national climate policy.

Building a New Carbon Economy: An Innovation Plan

2018
Think Tank Report
Carbon180
This report presents an innovation plan that outlines the contours of a new carbon economy using carbon removal technologies and identifies the social, legal, economic and political research gaps of each technology.

Evaluating climate geoengineering proposals in the context of the Paris Agreement temperature goals

2018
Scholarly Work
Mark G. Lawrence, Stefan Schäfer, Helene Muri, Vivian Scott, Andreas Oschlies, Naomi E. Vaughan, Olivier Boucher, Hauke Schmidt, Jim Haywood, Jürgen Scheffran
This paper assesses the degree to which proposed climate geoengineering techniques could contribute significantly to achieving the Paris Agreement temperature goals and the main open socio-political and governance issues and research needs.

Market-Level Implications of Regulating Forest Carbon Storage and Albedo for Climate Change Mitigation

2018
Scholarly Work
Aapo Rautiainen, Jussi Lintunen, Jussi Uusivuori
This paper explores the optimal regulation of forest carbon and albedo for climate change mitigation and posits that complementing a carbon pricing policy with albedo pricing reduces welfare losses from afforestation.

Knowledge gaps on climate-related geoengineering in relation to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

2018
Think Tank Report
Carnegie Climate Geoengineering Governance Initiative (C2G2)
This technical briefing presents an assessment of knowledge gaps around ethics, governance, deployment and research related to geoengineering, including carbon removal technologies, and the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Grasslands may be more reliable carbon sinks than forests in California

2018
Scholarly Work
Pawlok Dass, Benjamin Z Houlton, Yingping Wang, David Warlind
This paper shows that California grasslands are a more resilient carbon sink than forests in response to 21st century changes in climate, with implications for designing climate-smart Cap and Trade offset policies.

Negative emissions—Part 1: Research landscape and synthesis

2018
Scholarly Work
Jan C Minx, William F Lamb, Max W Callaghan, Sabine Fuss, Jérôme Hilaire, Felix Creutzig, Thorben Amann, Tim Beringer, Wagner de Oliveira Garcia, Jens Hartmann, Tarun Khanna, Dominic Lenzi, Gunnar Luderer, Gregory F Nemet, Joeri Rogelj, Pete Smith, Jose Luis Vicente Vicente, Jennifer Wilcox, Maria del Mar Zamora Dominguez
This paper, part 1 of a 3 part series on NETs, clarifies the role of NETs in climate change mitigation scenarios, their ethical implications, as well as the challenges involved in bringing the various NETs to the market and scaling them up in time.

Negative emissions—Part 2: Costs, potentials and side effects

2018
Scholarly Work
Sabine Fuss, William F Lamb, Max W Callaghan, Jérôme Hilaire, Felix Creutzig, Thorben Amann, Tim Beringer, Wagner de Oliveira Garcia, Jens Hartmann, Tarun Khanna, Gunnar Luderer, Gregory F Nemet, Joeri Rogelj, Pete Smith, José Luis Vicente Vicente, Jennifer Wilcox, Maria del Mar Zamora Dominguez, Jan C Minx
This paper, part 2 of a 3 part series on negative emissions, presents estimates of costs, potentials, and side-effects for negative emission technologies.

Negative emissions—Part 3: Innovation and upscaling

2018
Scholarly Work
Gregory F Nemet, Max W Callaghan, Felix Creutzig, Sabine Fuss, Jens Hartmann, Jérôme Hilaire, William F Lamb, Jan C Minx, Sophia Rogers, Pete Smith
This paper finds that if NETs are to be deployed at the levels required to meet 1.5 °C and 2 °C targets, then important post-R&D issues will need to be addressed, including incentives for early deployment, niche markets, scale-up, and demand.

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