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Carbon Dioxide Removal

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) techniques, or negative emission technologies (NETs), are a suite of natural and technological pathways to remove and sequester carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air. Unlike carbon capture and storage, these techniques remove CO₂ directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks.
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Reviews and Syntheses: Ocean Iron Fertilization Experiments – Past, Present, and Future Looking to a Future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean (KIFES) Project

2018
Scientific Report
Joo-Eun Yoon, Kyu-Cheul Yoo, Alison M. Macdonald, Ho-Il Yoon, Ki-Tae Park, Eun Jin Yang, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Jae Il Lee, Min Kyung Lee, Jinyoung Jung, Jisoo Park, Jiyoung Lee, Soyeon Kim, Seong-Su Kim, Kitae Kim, Il-Nam Kim
This article suggests designs to maximize the effectiveness of artificial ocean iron fertilization (aOIF) under international aOIF regulations.

Oceans in Transition: Incorporating Climate-Change Impacts into Environmental Impact Assessment for Marine Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction

2018
Scholarly Work
Robin Warner
This Article reviews the existing international law and policy framework for environmental impact assessment in areas beyond national jurisdiction, with a look at how ocean iron fertilization fits into the existing framework.

Can We Make the Oceans Greener? The Successes and Failures of UNCLOS as an Environmental Treaty

2018
Scholarly Work
Joanna Mossop
The article evaluates if customary international law and treaty negotiations for sustainable use of biodiversity areas beyond national jurisdiction will progress the goal of marine environmental protection, with a brief look at ocean fertilization.

Legal Pathways to Negative Emissions Technologies and Direct Air Capture of Greenhouse Gases

2018
Scholarly Work
Tracy Hester
This Article assesses the legal and policy challenges of decarbonizing the atmosphere itself through negative emission technologies and, in particular, direct air capture.

Going Negative: The Next Horizon in Climate Engineering Law

2018
Scholarly Work
Tracy Hester, Michael B. Gerrard
This article frames the emerging legal challenges for climate engineering research and deployment.

Negative Emissions Technologies and Carbon Capture and Storage to Achieve the Paris Agreement Commitments

2018
Scholarly Work
R. Stuart Haszeldine, Stephanie Flude, Gareth Johnson, Vivian Scott
This article is part of the theme issue ‘The Paris Agreement: understanding the physical and social challenges for a warming world of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels’.

Incentivize Negative Emissions Responsibly

2018
Scholarly Work
Rob Bellamy
This article explores why nation states need to incentivize negative emissions technologies if they are to take the decarbonization of whole energy systems seriously.

Governing Experimental Responses: Negative Emissions Technologies and Solar Climate Engineering

2018
Scholarly Work
Jesse Reynolds
This chapter places the governance of climate engineering in a polycentric governance conceptual framework.

The Politics of Negative Emissions Technologies and Decarbonization in Rural Communities

2018
Scholarly Work
Holly Jean Buck
This paper analyzes prospective challenges for negative emissions through examining how decarbonization practices are evolving in one particular landscape: the Imperial Valley in southeast California, a desert landscape engineered for agriculture.

The Paradox of Regulating Negative Emissions Technologies Under US Environmental Laws

2018
Scholarly Work
Tracy D. Hester
This article explores why federal and state legislatures and agencies should explicitly declare how (or if) current environmental laws will apply to NETs and provide guidance to the public and stakeholders.

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