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Carbon Dioxide Removal

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) techniques, or negative emission technologies (NETs), are a suite of natural and technological pathways to remove and sequester carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air. Unlike carbon capture and storage, these techniques remove CO₂ directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks.
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State Authority to Regulate Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement

2024
Scholarly Work
Ashwin Murthy, Korey Silverman-Roati, Romany M. Webb
This report provides a detailed examination of the regulatory landscape surrounding Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement, a form of marine carbon dioxide removal that seeks to mitigate climate change. The report explores the domestic (U.S.) regulation of OAE

Permitting CO2 Pipelines

2023
Scholarly Work
Martin Lockman
This paper assesses the legal framework for developing CO2 pipelines to support Direct Air Capture (DAC) Hub projects.

Expert Insights on Best Practices for Community Benefits Agreements

2023
Scholarly Work
Matthew Eisenson , Romany M. Webb
This report outlines 35 recommendations for developers and host communities when negotiating and drafting Community Benefits Agreements (CBAs) for direct air capture hubs and other clean energy projects.

Developing Model Federal Legislation to Advance Safe and Responsible Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal Research in the United States

2023
Proposed Legislation
Romany M. Webb, Korey Silverman-Roati
This model federal legislation aims to advance safe and responsible ocean carbon dioxide removal (CDR) research in U.S. waters.

Executive Actions to Ensure Safe and Responsible Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal Research in the United States

2023
Policy Proposal
Romany M. Webb, Korey Silverman-Roati
This paper presents recommended actions that federal agencies could take, under existing law, to ensure safe and responsible permitting and regulation of ocean carbon dioxide removal (CDR) research in U.S. waters.

Ocean-based negative emissions technologies: a governance framework review

2023
Scholarly Work
Lina Röschel, Barbara Neumann
This assessment presents gaps and challenges in the existing governance framework for ocean-based negative emissions technologies, as well as needs and opportunities for comprehensive governance of the technologies.

A.8597: New York Carbon Dioxide Removal Leadership Act

2022
Proposed Legislation
State of New York
This bill establishes a state-funded reverse auction to purchase carbon dioxide removal projects to help achieve greenhouse gas reduction goals, with auction funds derived from a fee on aviation fuel.

Limits to Paris Compatibility of CO2 Capture and Utilization

2022
Scholarly Work
Kiane de Kleijne, Steef V. Hanssen, Lester van Dinteren, Mark A.J. Huijbregts, Rosalie van Zelm, Heleen de Coninck
This paper finds that for a CCU technology to be Paris Agreement compatible by 2030, it has to have low GHG emissions from CO2 capture and conversion, replace a GHG-intensive substitute, and in most cases lead to permanent storage.

The Role of Corporates in Governing Carbon Dioxide Removal: Outlining a Research Agenda

2022
Scholarly Work
Francesca Battersby, Richard J. Heap, Adam C. Gray, Mark H. Workman, Finn Strivens
This paper provides a perspective on how corporates influence and enact de facto governance of CDR.

Removing Carbon Dioxide Through Artificial Upwelling and Downwelling: Legal Challenges and Opportunities

2022
Scholarly Work
Romany M. Webb, Korey Silverman-Roati, Michael B. Gerrard
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of how existing international and domestic (U.S.) law would apply to artificial upwelling and artificial downwelling projects.

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