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Carbon Dioxide Removal

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) techniques, or negative emission technologies (NETs), are a suite of natural and technological pathways to remove and sequester carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air. Unlike carbon capture and storage, these techniques remove CO₂ directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks.
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Sowing Seeds Uncertain: Ocean Iron Fertilization, Climate Change, and the International Environmental Law Framework

2010
Scholarly Work
Randall Abate, Andrew Greenlee
This article proposes a legal framework to harmonize the overlapping and conflicting international regulatory regime on ocean iron fertilization.

London Convention and London Protocol Assessment Framework for Scientific Research Involving Ocean Fertilization

2010
International Legal Instrument
The Scientific Groups to the London Convention and London Protocol
This Assessment Framework is designed to help regulators assess whether proposals for ocean fertilization constitute legitimate scientific research that is not contrary to the aims of the London Convention or Protocol.

A/65/L.20 – Draft Resolution Oceans and the Law of the Sea

2010
International Legal Instrument
United Nations General Assembly
Draft resolution on ocean fertilization.

A/RES/65/37 Resolution on Oceans and the Law of the Sea

2010
International Legal Instrument
United Nations General Assembly
Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 7 December 2010 with reference to the regulation of ocean fertilization activities.

Afforestation and forestry land allocation in northern Vietnam: Analysing the gap between policy intentions and outcomes

2009
Scholarly Work
Floriane Clement, Jaime M. Amezaga
This paper discusses the impacts of state afforestation efforts and forestry land allocation on farmers’ land-use decisions in northern Vietnam.

U.S. Tree Planting for Carbon Sequestration

2009
Scholarly Work
Ross W. Gorte
This Congressional Research Service report examines the use of afforestation to provide offsets under a cap-and-trade approach.

H.R.3748 – Water Efficiency via Carbon Harvesting and Restoration (WECHAR) Act of 2009

2009
Proposed Legislation
This bill sets up a joint Department of Interior and USDA loan guarantee program to commercialize biochar production units that produce net-negative carbon emissions.

Scientific Synthesis of the Impacts of Ocean Fertilization on Marine Biodiversity

2009
Scientific Report
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
This report presents a review and synthesis of existing literature and other scientific information on the potential impacts of ocean fertilization on marine biodiversity, pursuant to CBD COP 9 decision IX/20, paragraph 3.

Ocean Iron Fertilization: Why Further Research is Needed

2009
Scholarly Work
Kerstin Güssow, Andreas Oschlies, Alexander Proelss, Katrin Rehdanz, Wilfried Rickels
This article examines the economic potential of ocean iron fertilization in the context of a post-Kyoto Protocol climate agreement and what public international law says, and should say, on the issue of ocean iron fertilization.

Iron Fertilization: A Scientific Review with International Policy Recommendations

2009
Scholarly Work
Jennie Dean
This paper examines the effectiveness and appropriateness of iron fertilization in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.

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