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Carbon Dioxide Removal


Biochar

Biochar is a substance created when organic material like agricultural waste is burned in the absence of oxygen. That process, called pyrolysis, creates a carbon-rich product that is stable or biologically recalcitrant. By transforming biomass into biochar, the carbon in the plant material is locked up instead of being released into the atmosphere when the biomass is burned or biodegraded in soil. Biochar is added to soil to sequester carbon dioxide in the soil.
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Biochar – One Way Forward for Soil Carbon in Offset Mechanisms in Africa?

2009
Scholarly Work
Thea Whitman , Johannes Lehmann
This paper explores how small-scale biochar systems with net emission reductions may hold a key for Africa to engage with the international offset mechanisms and open the door to soil carbon sequestration projects.

The Dirt on International Environmental Law Regarding Soils: Is the Existing Regime Adequate

2008
Scholarly Work
Alexandra Wyatt
This note analyzes the gaps and deficiencies in this current mix of legal regimes and how they lead to under-protection of global soil functions.

Negative Emissions and Land-Based Carbon Sequestration: Implications for Climate and Energy Scenarios

2018
Think Tank Report
Rocky Mountain Institute
The paper focuses on how natural climate solutions could contribute to emissions reduction goals in the United States and seeks to provide policymakers with a useful overview of how negative emissions can be incorporated into national climate policy.

Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Policy Options: Reducing Australia’s Dependence on Coal, Natural Gas, and Other Nonrenewable Energy Resources

2011
Scholarly Work
Michael Jeffery
This article explores the role of industry in enabling Australia to move toward a less carbon intensive economy, with a closer look at industry's role in carbon capture and storage, afforestation and reforestation, and biochar technologies.

Assessing Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Opportunities and Implementation Strategies for Agricultural Land Management in the United States

2011
Scholarly Work
Lydia P. Olander, Alison J. Eagle, Justin S. Baker, Karen Haugen-Kozyra, Brian C. Murray, Alexandra Kravchenko, Lucy R. Henry, Robert B. Jackson
Provides a roadmap and resource for programs and initiatives that are designing protocols, metrics, or incentives to engage farmers and ranchers in large-scale efforts to enhance GHG mitigation on working agricultural land in the United States.

H. 8062 – The Geoengineering Act

2020
Proposed Legislation
State of Rhode Island
This bill establishes a licensing procedure at the Department of Environmental Management (DEM) for persons seeking to engage in geoengineering activity, with the intent to protect the health, safety, and environment of the state.

Policy Brief: Governing Nature-Based Solutions to Carbon Dioxide Removal

2019
Think Tank Report
Carnegie Climate Governance Initiative (C2G)
This policy brief identifies the governance challenges around Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) to carbon dioxide removal including techniques such as large-scale planting of forests, replacing previously lost forests, and restoring wetlands.

Technological Carbon Removal in the United States

2018
Think Tank Report
James Mulligan, Gretchen Ellison, Kelly Levin, Colin McCormick
This paper explores the potential for technological carbon removal in the United States, identifies the needs likely to arise on the pathway to large-scale deployment, and considers way to begin addressing those needs.

Ocean Solutions to Address Climate Change and Its Effects on Marine Ecosystems

2018
Scholarly Work
A.K. Magnan, R. Billé, L. Bopp, V.I. Chalastani, W.W.L. Cheung, C.M. Duarte, R.D. Gates, J. Hinkel, J.-O. Irisson, E. Mcleod, F. Micheli, J.J. Middelburg, A. Oschlies, H.-O. Pörtner, G.H. Rau, P. Williamson, J.-P. Gattuso
This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic assessment of 13 ocean-based climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, including ocean fertilization, alkalization, and hybrid land/ocean methods such as marine BECCS and biochar.

Sweden’s Carbon Removal Strategy: The pathway to a climate- positive future – strategy and action plan for achieving negative greenhouse gas emissions after 2045

2020
Policy Proposal
This strategy sets out principles and targets for Swedish policy in the area of negative emissions measures and an action plan for achieving them.

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