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Carbon Dioxide Removal


Ocean Iron Fertilization

Ocean Iron Fertilization is the process of adding iron filings to seawater to stimulate the growth of phytoplankton that absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide. Ocean fertilization seeks to take advantage of the ocean's natural carbon pump, which uses carbon dioxide at the sea surface and incorporates the carbon, via photosynthesis, into biological tissues which can fall or be transported to the deep ocean. Certain areas of the ocean, including the Southern Ocean, have plentiful nutrients but lack iron, a key trace micronutrient that sea plants known as phytoplankton need to grow. So fertilization with iron has been proposed as a means of accelerating the carbon pump and increasing the size of the ocean carbon sink.
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H. 6011 – The Geoengineering Act of 2017

2017
Proposed Legislation
State of Rhode Island
This bill would provide that a person seeking to engage in geoengineering activities would require a license from the director of the Department of Environmental Management.

The Paris Agreement and Climate Geoengineering Governance: The Need for a Human Rights-Based Component

2016
Scholarly Work
Wil Burns
This paper suggests that a human rights-based approach to climate geoengineering may address the intrinsic issues of equity and justice that would necessarily arise should the world community opt to proceed down the path of climate engineering.

Engineering the Climate: Geoengineering as a Challenge to International Governance

2013
Scholarly Work
David A. Wirth
This essay examines the existing international governance structures to address geoengineering and concludes that they are inadequate to the task and makes recommendations for structural adaptations in international governance to address the problem.

Technical and Regulatory Matters on Geoengineering in Relation to the Convention on Biological Diversity

2012
Scientific Report
Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity
This study, prepared by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and presented to the CBD's Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice, addresses the legal and regulatory framework of geoengineering relevant to the CBD.

Remaking the World to Save It: Applying U.S. Environmental Laws to Climate Engineering Projects

2011
Scholarly Work
Tracy D. Hester
This Article examines how U.S. environmental laws might apply to climate engineering research and how the U.S. courts would review disputes over those projects.

Governing Climate Engineering: Scenarios for Analysis

2011
Scholarly Work
Daniel Bodansky
This report discusses the permissibility of geoengineering under international law and whether international norms matter in the scheme of geoengineering governance.

Geoengineering and International Law: The Search for Common Legal Ground

2010
Scholarly Work
Ralph Bodle
The focus of this article is on overarching rules of international law that are common legal ground and might apply to all concepts under the heading "geoengineering," while exploring to what extent the ENMOD Convention could be useful as a reference

Geoengineering, the Law of the Sea, and Climate Change

2009
Scholarly Work
Philomene Verlaan
This paper summarizes proposals for climate related geoengineering projects that involve or affect the ocean and reviews the applicable legally binding global instruments that seek to regulate these activities.

American Meteorological Society Policy Statement on Geoengineering the Climate System

2009
Declaration
American Meteorological Society Council
A policy statement of the American Meteorological Society addressing geoengineering techniques, including those that reduce atmospheric greenhouse gases.

H. 8062 – The Geoengineering Act

2020
Proposed Legislation
State of Rhode Island
This bill establishes a licensing procedure at the Department of Environmental Management (DEM) for persons seeking to engage in geoengineering activity, with the intent to protect the health, safety, and environment of the state.

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