Summary/Abstract
This paper draws on a recent global assessment of carbon dioxide removal (or negative emissions) technologies (NETs) undertaken by the author for Friends of the Earth in the UK. This paper presents a summary of results of the assessment, and the appraisal process. Alongside criteria such as cost and technical readiness, the review considered controllability, accountability and side effects. It identified several justice implications arising from: the potential moral hazard in the development of NETs, the distribution (and potential limits to the overall availability) of geological storage for carbon dioxide, and the implications of competition for biological productivity for negative emissions.The paper also reflects on the justice implications raised by the appraisal process and criteria, with reference to issues in justice theory, including capabilities, recognition, participation and deliberation. It concludes that a more explicit consideration of justice issues is essential for effective appraisal and governance of geoengineering.